So your tests confirm what the manual says - DISCRETE gives a -10dB cut and CINEMA does nothing to the incoming signal? And thus the 10dB boost is in the LFE mix?
My tests confirm a real 10dB difference in the LFE level between the Discrete and Cinema presets.
As for 4), looks like a bug in the OPPO?
How can it be? The LFE level from the Oppo doesn't change when applying different G68 presets. The LFE levels measured from the Oppo + Discrete and from the G68's decoder + Discrete are identical. My conclusion is that the Cinema preset is applying +10dB to LFE when decoding internally and only +5dB to m/channel analogue inputs.
Actually, Tommy's (superb) link nails it:
"So at all points in a system - analogue interconnects, PCM signals, encoded Dolby Digital - the LFE channel is "10dB too low". A 75dB SPL signal on the LFE channel will be 3 times, or 10dB, smaller than a 75dB SPL signal on the other channels. It will only sound correct when fed to an amplifier that amplifies LFE by 10dB more than it amplifies the other channels."
So Cinema must be *adding* 10dB and Discrete does not.